Mouse Anti-Sm Ig's (total (A+G+M) Quantitative ELISA Kit - 96 wells plate

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    The Mouse Anti-Sm Total Ig ELISA Kit is an im munoassay suitable for quantifying or titering total antibody activity (IgG, IgA and IgM) specific for Sm (Smith) antigen in serum or plasma. Other biological fluids, including tissue culture medium, may be validated for use

    Antibodies reactive with autologous nuclear components, such

    as DNA and histones, can represent an autoim

    mune basis for pathological conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosis

    (SLE) in humans. In mice homozygous for the

    lymphoproliferation spontaneous mutation (Faslpr), a systemic

    autoim munity develops with age which includes elevated levels

    of anti-dsDNA and other anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), including

    anti-Sm (Smith antigen), a non-histone nuclear protein

    associated with ribonucleoprotein particles and having a role in

    post-translational pre-messenger RNA processing.

    The expanded use in the drug industry of biological modifiers has

    been associated with production of autoantibodies, of which

    mice, and possibly also other hosts such as humans and

    monkeys, are susceptible. A prototype disease in mice is lupus

    caused by the drug minocycline, with elevated anti-dsDNA

    among other autoantibodies and pathological conditions.

    Recent investigations have focused on the role of innate im

    mune mechanisms, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and TH2

    im munity, responding to the damage-associated molecular

    patterns of dying cells, as underlying cause of autoim

    munity; these may be induced by drugs, including vaccines and

    adjuvants, with aging, or with other health conditions.